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                          LOUDSPEAKER "L" LOSS PADS

     dB             4 ohms              8 ohms              16 ohms
    loss         R1        R2        R1        R2        R1         R2
  --------     ----------------    ----------------    -----------------
     1            .44   32.8         .87     65.6       1.74    131
     2            .82   15.5        1.65     30.9       3.29     61.8
     3           1.17    9.70       2.34     19.4       4.67     38.8
     4           1.48    6.84       2.95     13.7       5.91     27.4
     5           1.75    5.14       3.50     10.3       7.00     20.6
     6           2.00    4.02       3.99     8.04       7.98     16.1
     7           2.21    3.23       4.43     6.46       8.85     12.9
     8           2.41    2.65       4.82     5.29       9.63     10.6
     9           2.58    2.20       5.16     4.40      10.3       8.80
    10           2.74    1.85       5.47     3.70      10.9       7.40
    11           2.87    1.57       5.75     3.14      11.5       6.28
    12           3.00    1.34       5.99     2.68      12.0       5.37
    13           3.11    1.15       6.21     2.31      12.4       4.62
    14           3.20    1.00       6.40     1.99      12.8       3.99
    15           3.29     .87       6.58     1.73      13.2       3.46
    16           3.37     .75       6.73     1.51      13.5       3.01
    17           3.44     .66       6.87     1.32      13.7       2.63
    18           3.50     .58       6.99     1.15      14.0       2.30
    19           3.55     .51       7.10     1.01      14.2       2.02
    20           3.60     .44       7.20      .89      14.4       1.78

     Loss pads are useful for passive crossover design to adjust the relative 

output levels of system drivers of differing sensitivities, for attenuation of 

horns in clusters driven by single amplifiers, and so on.  

     The circuit used to produce attenuation is the same as that produced by 

conventional rotary type variable L-pads but offer fixed resistor stability in 

trade for not being adjustable.

     To implement a fixed L-pad attenuator, use the rule of thumb that the two 

resistors should have a wattage rating equal to the available power divided by 

the total resistor value and then multiplied by the value of each individual 

resistor, for example, a 6 dB pad for an 8-ohm driver driven by a 100 watt 

source calls for an 8 and a 4 ohm resistor.  The required power rating of each 

resistor is found by dividing 100 watts by 12 (the total ohms of both 

resistors), and then multiplying the resulting number (8.33) by 8 (66.7) and 

then by 4 (33.3).  To check on yourself, add the power ratings you get for the 

two resistors, and you should get the original power rating (100 watts for 

this example).